Gum Diseases and Treatments (Periodontology)
Gum disease is the leading cause of tooth loss and is widespread in the population. Early diagnosis allows for simple and successful treatment. The success of this treatment depends on patient motivation, oral hygiene habits, and regular check-ups.
Major factors contributing to gum disease include poor oral hygiene, genetic predisposition, systemic diseases, previous incorrect dental treatments (such as overextended fillings or faulty prostheses), smoking and its frequency, hormonal changes, poor and irregular nutrition, dry mouth, misaligned teeth (crowding), saliva composition, stress, teeth grinding, and clenching.
Frequently Asked Questions
Healthy gums are light pink in color, have a “orange peel” texture, and fit snugly around the teeth. They do not bleed during brushing, and there is no pain, swelling, or redness. At the junction with the teeth, the gums end in a knife-edge shape.
If you experience redness, swelling, burning, or color changes in the gums, bleeding during brushing or spontaneously, gum recession, loose teeth, bad breath or altered taste, ill-fitting partial dentures, pus between the teeth and gums, or itchy gums, you should definitely consult your dentist. Untreated gum disease can lead to irreversible consequences, such as tooth loss.
Oral hygiene education is the most important step in treatment. This includes the removal of tartar and plaque, and, if necessary, deep cleaning of gum pockets (scaling and root planing). In advanced cases of the disease, periodontal surgical procedures (gum surgeries) may be planned.
Professional dental cleaning, usually performed by your dentist using ultrasonic devices, does not harm the teeth. In fact, it is an essential treatment for maintaining healthy teeth and gums. Tartar and harmful tissues along the teeth and gum line are removed. If tartar forms continuously in your mouth, it is recommended to have dental cleaning regularly, typically every six months.